NAME
    ciphers - SSL cipher display and cipher list tool.

SYNOPSIS
    openssl ciphers [-v] [-ssl2] [-ssl3] [-tls1] [cipherlist]

DESCRIPTION
    The cipherlist command converts OpenSSL cipher lists into ordered SSL
    cipher preference lists. It can be used as a test tool to determine the
    appropriate cipherlist.

COMMAND OPTIONS
    -v verbose option. List ciphers with a complete description of proto-
   col version (SSLv2 or SSLv3; the latter includes TLS), key
   exchange, authentication, encryption and mac algorithms used along
   with any key size restrictions and whether the algorithm is classed
   as an "export" cipher. Note that without the -v option, ciphers
   may seem to appear twice in a cipher list; this is when similar
   ciphers are available for SSL v2 and for SSL v3/TLS v1.

    -ssl3
   only include SSL v3 ciphers.

    -ssl2
   only include SSL v2 ciphers.

    -tls1
   only include TLS v1 ciphers.

    -h, -?
   print a brief usage message.

    cipherlist
   a cipher list to convert to a cipher preference list. If it is not
   included then the default cipher list will be used. The format is
   described below.

CIPHER LIST FORMAT
    The cipher list consists of one or more cipher strings separated by
    colons. Commas or spaces are also acceptable separators but colons are
    normally used.

    The actual cipher string can take several different forms.

    It can consist of a single cipher suite such as RC4-SHA.

    It can represent a list of cipher suites containing a certain algo-
    rithm, or cipher suites of a certain type. For example SHA1 represents
    all ciphers suites using the digest algorithm SHA1 and SSLv3 represents
    all SSL v3 algorithms.

    Lists of cipher suites can be combined in a single cipher string using
    the + character. This is used as a logical and operation. For example
    SHA1+DES represents all cipher suites containing the SHA1 and the DES
    algorithms.

    Each cipher string can be optionally preceded by the characters !, - or
    +.

    If ! is used then the ciphers are permanently deleted from the list.
    The ciphers deleted can never reappear in the list even if they are
    explicitly stated.

    If - is used then the ciphers are deleted from the list, but some or
    all of the ciphers can be added again by later options.

    If + is used then the ciphers are moved to the end of the list. This
    option doesn't add any new ciphers it just moves matching existing
    ones.

    If none of these characters is present then the string is just inter-
    preted as a list of ciphers to be appended to the current preference
    list. If the list includes any ciphers already present they will be
    ignored: that is they will not moved to the end of the list.

    Additionally the cipher string @STRENGTH can be used at any point to
    sort the current cipher list in order of encryption algorithm key
    length.

CIPHER STRINGS
    The following is a list of all permitted cipher strings and their mean-
    ings.

    DEFAULT
   the default cipher list. This is determined at compile time and is
   normally ALL:!ADH:RC4+RSA:+SSLv2:@STRENGTH. This must be the first
   cipher string specified.

    COMPLEMENTOFDEFAULT
   the ciphers included in ALL, but not enabled by default. Currently
   this is ADH. Note that this rule does not cover eNULL, which is not
   included by ALL (use COMPLEMENTOFALL if necessary).

    ALL all ciphers suites except the eNULL ciphers which must be explic-
   itly enabled.

    COMPLEMENTOFALL
   the cipher suites not enabled by ALL, currently being eNULL.

    HIGH
   "high" encryption cipher suites. This currently means those with
   key lengths larger than 128 bits.

    MEDIUM
   "medium" encryption cipher suites, currently those using 128 bit
   encryption.

    LOW "low" encryption cipher suites, currently those using 64 or 56 bit
   encryption algorithms but excluding export cipher suites.

    EXP, EXPORT
   export encryption algorithms. Including 40 and 56 bits algorithms.

    EXPORT40
   40 bit export encryption algorithms

    EXPORT56
   56 bit export encryption algorithms.

    eNULL, NULL
   the "NULL" ciphers that is those offering no encryption. Because
   these offer no encryption at all and are a security risk they are
   disabled unless explicitly included.

    aNULL
   the cipher suites offering no authentication. This is currently the
   anonymous DH algorithms. These cipher suites are vulnerable to a
   "man in the middle" attack and so their use is normally
   discouraged.

    kRSA, RSA
   cipher suites using RSA key exchange.

    kEDH
   cipher suites using ephemeral DH key agreement.

    kDHr, kDHd
   cipher suites using DH key agreement and DH certificates signed by
   CAs with RSA and DSS keys respectively. Not implemented.

    aRSA
   cipher suites using RSA authentication, i.e. the certificates carry
   RSA keys.

    aDSS, DSS
   cipher suites using DSS authentication, i.e. the certificates carry
   DSS keys.

    aDH cipher suites effectively using DH authentication, i.e. the cer-
   tificates carry DH keys. Not implemented.

    kFZA, aFZA, eFZA, FZA
   ciphers suites using FORTEZZA key exchange, authentication, encryp-
   tion or all FORTEZZA algorithms. Not implemented.

    TLSv1, SSLv3, SSLv2
   TLS v1.0, SSL v3.0 or SSL v2.0 cipher suites respectively.

    DH cipher suites using DH, including anonymous DH.

    ADH anonymous DH cipher suites.

    AES cipher suites using AES.

    3DES
   cipher suites using triple DES.

    DES cipher suites using DES (not triple DES).

    RC4 cipher suites using RC4.

    RC2 cipher suites using RC2.

    IDEA
   cipher suites using IDEA.

    MD5 cipher suites using MD5.

    SHA1, SHA
   cipher suites using SHA1.

CIPHER SUITE NAMES
    The following lists give the SSL or TLS cipher suites names from the
    relevant specification and their OpenSSL equivalents. It should be
    noted, that several cipher suite names do not include the authentica-
    tion used, e.g. DES-CBC3-SHA. In these cases, RSA authentication is
    used.

    SSL v3.0 cipher suites.

 SSL_RSA_WITH_NULL_MD5   NULL-MD5
 SSL_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA   NULL-SHA
 SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5  EXP-RC4-MD5
 SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5  RC4-MD5
 SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA  RC4-SHA
 SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_MD5 EXP-RC2-CBC-MD5
 SSL_RSA_WITH_IDEA_CBC_SHA  IDEA-CBC-SHA
 SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-DES-CBC-SHA
 SSL_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA  DES-CBC-SHA
 SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA  DES-CBC3-SHA

 SSL_DH_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
 SSL_DH_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA  Not implemented.
 SSL_DH_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
 SSL_DH_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
 SSL_DH_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA  Not implemented.
 SSL_DH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
 SSL_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-EDH-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA
 SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA  EDH-DSS-CBC-SHA
 SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA
 SSL_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA
 SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA  EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA
 SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA

 SSL_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5 EXP-ADH-RC4-MD5
 SSL_DH_anon_WITH_RC4_128_MD5  ADH-RC4-MD5
 SSL_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-ADH-DES-CBC-SHA
 SSL_DH_anon_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA  ADH-DES-CBC-SHA
 SSL_DH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA ADH-DES-CBC3-SHA

 SSL_FORTEZZA_KEA_WITH_NULL_SHA  Not implemented.
 SSL_FORTEZZA_KEA_WITH_FORTEZZA_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
 SSL_FORTEZZA_KEA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA Not implemented.

    TLS v1.0 cipher suites.

 TLS_RSA_WITH_NULL_MD5   NULL-MD5
 TLS_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA   NULL-SHA
 TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5  EXP-RC4-MD5
 TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5  RC4-MD5
 TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA  RC4-SHA
 TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_MD5 EXP-RC2-CBC-MD5
 TLS_RSA_WITH_IDEA_CBC_SHA  IDEA-CBC-SHA
 TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-DES-CBC-SHA
 TLS_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA  DES-CBC-SHA
 TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA  DES-CBC3-SHA

 TLS_DH_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
 TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA  Not implemented.
 TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
 TLS_DH_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
 TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA  Not implemented.
 TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA Not implemented.
 TLS_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-EDH-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA
 TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA  EDH-DSS-CBC-SHA
 TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA
 TLS_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA
 TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA  EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA
 TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA

 TLS_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5 EXP-ADH-RC4-MD5
 TLS_DH_anon_WITH_RC4_128_MD5  ADH-RC4-MD5
 TLS_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA EXP-ADH-DES-CBC-SHA
 TLS_DH_anon_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA  ADH-DES-CBC-SHA
 TLS_DH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA ADH-DES-CBC3-SHA

    AES ciphersuites from RFC3268, extending TLS v1.0

 TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA  AES128-SHA
 TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA  AES256-SHA

 TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA  DH-DSS-AES128-SHA
 TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA  DH-DSS-AES256-SHA
 TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA  DH-RSA-AES128-SHA
 TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA  DH-RSA-AES256-SHA

 TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA
 TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA
 TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA
 TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA

 TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA ADH-AES128-SHA
 TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA ADH-AES256-SHA

    Additional Export 1024 and other cipher suites

    Note: these ciphers can also be used in SSL v3.

 TLS_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA EXP1024-DES-CBC-SHA
 TLS_RSA_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_SHA EXP1024-RC4-SHA
 TLS_DHE_DSS_EXPORT1024_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA EXP1024-DHE-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA
 TLS_DHE_DSS_EXPORT1024_WITH_RC4_56_SHA EXP1024-DHE-DSS-RC4-SHA
 TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_RC4_128_SHA  DHE-DSS-RC4-SHA

    SSL v2.0 cipher suites.

 SSL_CK_RC4_128_WITH_MD5   RC4-MD5
 SSL_CK_RC4_128_EXPORT40_WITH_MD5 EXP-RC4-MD5
 SSL_CK_RC2_128_CBC_WITH_MD5  RC2-MD5
 SSL_CK_RC2_128_CBC_EXPORT40_WITH_MD5 EXP-RC2-MD5
 SSL_CK_IDEA_128_CBC_WITH_MD5  IDEA-CBC-MD5
 SSL_CK_DES_64_CBC_WITH_MD5  DES-CBC-MD5
 SSL_CK_DES_192_EDE3_CBC_WITH_MD5 DES-CBC3-MD5

NOTES
    The non-ephemeral DH modes are currently unimplemented in OpenSSL
    because there is no support for DH certificates.

    Some compiled versions of OpenSSL may not include all the ciphers
    listed here because some ciphers were excluded at compile time.

EXAMPLES
    Verbose listing of all OpenSSL ciphers including NULL ciphers:

 openssl ciphers -v 'ALL:eNULL'

    Include all ciphers except NULL and anonymous DH then sort by strength:

 openssl ciphers -v 'ALL:!ADH:@STRENGTH'

    Include only 3DES ciphers and then place RSA ciphers last:

 openssl ciphers -v '3DES:+RSA'

    Include all RC4 ciphers but leave out those without authentication:

 openssl ciphers -v 'RC4:!COMPLEMENTOFDEFAULT'

    Include all chiphers with RSA authentication but leave out ciphers
    without encryption.

 openssl ciphers -v 'RSA:!COMPLEMENTOFALL'

SEE ALSO
   s_client(1),s_server(1), ssl(3)

HISTORY
    The COMPLENTOFALL and COMPLEMENTOFDEFAULT selection options were added
    in version 0.9.7.